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Background of the Sterling Biotech Bank Fraud Case The Supreme Court of India has finally quashed all criminal proceedings against fugitive businessmen Chetan Jayantilal Sandesara and Nitin Jayantilal Sandesara , promoters of Sterling Biotech Ltd , after they deposited an additional ₹5,111 crore with the Registry of the Supreme Court. The litigation arose from allegations of a massive bank fraud involving public sector banks, with the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) registering FIRs in October 2017 . The alleged fraud, committed between 2004 and 2012 , was initially quantified at ₹5,383 crore , though subsequent assessments placed the total exposure significantly higher. Supreme Court’s Final Order and Compliance with Conditions A Bench comprising Justice J.K. Maheshwari and Justice Vijay Bishnoi noted that the Sandesara brothers had fully complied with the conditions imposed in the Court’s November 19 order , which required them to deposit an additional ₹5,100 crore as part o...

On 20 November, the Supreme Court of India delivered a significant ruling clarifying the constitutional functions of Governors under Article 200 and the President under Article 201 . The judgment addressed multiple questions referred by the President concerning delays in granting assent to state legislation and the extent of judicial oversight in such matters. This decision is critical for understanding the federal framework, the balance of powers, and the constitutional mechanisms governing state legislation. Powers of the Governor Under Article 200 Constitutional Options Before a Governor When a Bill is presented to the Governor under Article 200 , the Governor has three constitutional options: Grant assent to the Bill. Withhold assent and return the Bill (with recommendations) to the Legislature. Reserve the Bill for the consideration of the President. The power to return a Bill with comments does not apply to Money Bills. Whether Governor Is Bound by Council of ...