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State Governance in India: Constitutional Framework, Challenges, and Dynamics Overview: Articles 153 to 162 delineate the structure and functioning of state governments in India, including the executive, legislative, and judicial aspects, as well as special provisions for certain states like Jammu and Kashmir. Article 154: Executive Power of the State Article 154 vests the executive power of the state in the Governor, who acts as the head of the state executive, similar to the President's role at the national level. Article 155: Appointment of Governor Article 155 empowers the President to appoint a Governor for each state, specifying their tenure and eligibility criteria. Power of Governor to Pardon Article 161 grants the Governor the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit, or commute the sentence of any person convicted of an offense against state law. Modern Era Interpretation: While not extensively supported by numerous cas...