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Article 45 of the Indian Constitution: Ensuring Free and Compulsory Education for Children in the Modern Era Introduction Article 45 of the Indian Constitution reflects the state's commitment to providing free and compulsory education for children. It recognizes education as a fundamental right and emphasizes the importance of ensuring equal opportunities for all children. In the current modern era, marked by changing educational needs and aspirations, it is crucial to discuss the scope, implications, and relevant case laws associated with Article 45. Understanding Article 45 Article 45 is a part of the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) enshrined in Part IV of the Indian Constitution. It states that the state shall endeavor to provide free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen years. Relevant Case Laws Shaping the Interpretation of Article 45 1. Mohini Jain v. State of Karnataka (1992) : The Mohini Jain case dealt with the issue...